Base64 Encode

Base64 encoding transforms binary data into a readable ASCII string by representing each group of three bytes as four printable characters. This scheme uses a fixed alphabet of 64 symbols – the uppercase letters A‑Z, lowercase a‑z, digits 0‑9, plus the symbols '+' and '/' – with '=' used for padding when the input length is not a multiple of three. Because the output contains only characters that are safe to include in text‑based protocols, Base64 is widely used for embedding images in HTML or CSS, transmitting attachments via email, encoding tokens in JSON Web Tokens, and storing binary configuration in environment variables. Decoding reverses the process, restoring the original bytes exactly as they were.